GIS spatio-temporal modeling of human maritime activities

4 pages, session "Marine Spatial Planning and Human Impacts"International audienceCoastal seas are important for human societies with many and diverse activities. These space and resource consuming activities exert an increasing pressure on the environment and sometimes result in conflicting interactions. Understanding these interactions remains a challenge for research and civil society. A methodology is proposed to describe the spatio-temporal distribution of several activities in coastal seas. An application is developed in the Bay of Brest (Brittany, France). Spatial, temporal, quantitative and qualitative data acquisition combines analysis of spatio-temporal databases and results from interviews. The heterogeneous data collected are stored in a spatiotemporal database (STDB). Firstly, the STDB is used with a GIS to produce temporal snapshots of daily human activity patterns over a one-year period. Secondly, using the STBD we can identify, quantify and map potential uses conflicts in space and time between activities in the Bay of Brest

Dynamiques des ACTivités mARItimes (DACTARI) : Base d’Information Géographique et Temporelle en support à la connaissance et à la scénarisation

Rapport final du projet de recherche DACTARI financé par la Fondation de France dans le cadre de son programme "Quels littoraux pour demain", la Région Bretagne et le Labex Me

A dynamic GIS as an efficient tool for Integrated Coastal Zone Management

http://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/3/2/391International audienceThis contribution addresses both the role of geographical information in participatory research of coastal zones, and its potential to bridge the gap between research and coastal zone management. Over a one year period, heterogeneous data (spatial, temporal, qualitative and quantitative) were obtained which included the process of interviews, storing in a spatio-temporal database. The GIS (Geographic Information System) produced temporal snapshots of daily human activity patterns allowing it to map, identify and quantify potential space-time conflicts between activities. It was furthermore used to facilitate the exchange of ideas and knowledge at various levels: by mapping, simulation, GIS analysis and data collection. Results indicated that both captured data and the participatory workshop added real value to management and therefore it was deemed well managed by stakeholders. To incorporate a dynamic GIS would enhance pro-active integrated management by opening the path for better discussions whilst permitting management simulated scenarios

A dynamic GIS as an efficient tool for ICZM (Bay of Brest, Western France)?

International audienceThis contribution deals with the role of geographical information in participatory research concerning coastal zones and its potential to bridge the gap between research and coastal zone management. The study aims at mode-ling the interactions between human activities in a maritime basin. A dynamic GIS is used as a tool to facilitate the exchange of points of view and to share knowledge. Geographic information technologies are used at several levels: data collection, GIS analysis, mapping, and simulations. The results show that the GIS-based capture data is well managed by the stakeholders who are interested in contributing to the process of gathering scientific data. The results of a participatory workshop with stakeholders show that the dynamic component of the data adds a real value for management. The possibility to use such a dynamic GIS to discuss and simulate management scenarios is tested, but it needs to be built up gradually

L'AIS : une donnée pour l'analyse des activités en mer

4 pages, session "Mer et littoral"International audienceCette contribution présente des éléments méthodologiques pour la description des activités humaines en mer dans une perspective d'aide à la gestion. Différentes procédures, combinant l'exploitation de bases de données spatio-temporelles issue de données AIS archivées à des analyses spatiales au sein d'un SIG, sont testées afin de caractériser le transport maritime en Mer d'Iroise (Bretagne, France) sur les plans spatiaux, temporels et quantitatifs au cours d'une année

Local and global spatio-temporal entropy indices based on distance- ratios and co-occurrences distributions

When it comes to characterize the distribution of ‘things’ observed spatially and identified by their geometries and attributes, the Shannon entropy has been widely used in different domains such as ecology, regional sciences, epidemiology and image analysis. In particular, recent research has taken into account the spatial patterns derived from topological and metric properties in order to propose extensions to the measure of entropy. Based on two different approaches using either distance-ratios or co-occurrences of observed classes, the research developed in this paper introduces several new indices and explores their extensions to the spatio-temporal domains which are derived whilst investigating further their application as global and local indices. Using a multiplicative space-time integration approach either at a macro or micro-level, the approach leads to a series of spatio-temporal entropy indices including from combining co-occurrence and distances-ratios approaches. The framework developed is complementary to the spatio-temporal clustering problem, introducing a more spatial and spatio-temporal structuring perspective using several indices characterizing the distribution of several class instances in space and time. The whole approach is first illustrated on simulated data evolutions of three classes over seven time stamps. Preliminary results are discussed for a study of conflicting maritime activities in the Bay of Brest where the objective is to explore the spatio-temporal patterns exhibited by a categorical variable with six classes, each representing a conflict between two maritime activities

Modelling of human activities in coastal seas

Les mers côtières jouent un rôle essentiel pour les sociétés humaines. Mais la concentration et la diversité des activités qui s’y développent exercent une pression croissante sur cet espace et les milieux associés en générant des interactions parfois conflictuelles entre activités. La compréhension de ces interactions constitue un enjeu en termes de recherche et pour la société civile. Une méthodologie visant à décrire la distribution spatio-temporelle de différentes activités en mer côtière est donc conçue et mise en œuvre en rade de Brest. La collecte de données spatiales, temporelles, quantitatives et qualitatives combine l’analyse de bases de données spatio-temporelles comme celles issues du Système d’Identification Automatique (AIS), et le dépouillement d’entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès de personnes-ressources. À partir des données hétérogènes collectées, une information structurée dans une base de données spatio-temporelle (BDST) est produite. Dans un premier temps, son exploitation cartographique par un Système d’Information Géographique (SIG) permet la réalisation d’instantanés au pas de temps quotidien sur l’ensemble d’une année. La qualité de l’information temporelle et quantitative puis la nature et la source de l’information spatiale sont renseignées. Dans un second temps, la BDST est mobilisée pour identifier, spatialiser et quantifier les conflits d’usages potentiels et les interactions spatio-temporelles potentielles négatives entre les activités considérées en rade de Brest.Coastal seas play an essential role for human societies who develop many and diverse activities. These space and resource consuming activities induce an increase pressure on the environment and sometimes generate conflicting interactions among various activities. Understanding these interactions remains a challenge for research and civil society. A methodology is proposed to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of several activities in coastal sea. An application is developed in the bay of Brest (Brittany, France). Spatial, temporal, quantitative and qualitative data acquisition combines both analysis of spatio-temporal databases such as automatic identification system (AIS) databases, and results from semi-structured interviews with key-informants. The heterogeneous data collected are stored in a spatio-temporal database (STDB). First, the STDB is used with a Geographic Information System (GIS) to produce temporal snapshots of daily human activities patterns within a year. The quality of temporal and quantitative information and the nature and source of spatial information are also provided. Secondly, the STBD enables to identify, quantify and map potential uses conflicts and potential negative spatial interactions between activities in the bay of Brest

Modélisation et scénarisation des activités en rade de Brest (RAD2BREST): principaux résultats

http://www-iuem.univ-brest.fr/zabri/f

Modélisation des activités humaines en mer côtière

Coastal seas play an essential role for human societies who develop many and diverse activities. These space and resource consuming activities induce an increase pressure on the environment and sometimes generate conflicting interactions among various activities. Understanding these interactions remains a challenge for research and civil society. A methodology is proposed to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of several activities in coastal sea. An application is developed in the bay of Brest (Brittany, France). Spatial, temporal, quantitative and qualitative data acquisition combines both analysis of spatio-temporal databases such as automatic identification system (AIS) databases, and results from semi-structured interviews with key-informants. The heterogeneous data collected are stored in a spatio-temporal database (STDB). First, the STDB is used with a Geographic Information System (GIS) to produce temporal snapshots of daily human activities patterns within a year. The quality of temporal and quantitative information and the nature and source of spatial information are also provided. Secondly, the STBD enables to identify, quantify and map potential uses conflicts and potential negative spatial interactions between activities in the bay of Brest.Les mers côtières jouent un rôle essentiel pour les sociétés humaines. Mais la concentration et la diversité des activités qui s’y développent exercent une pression croissante sur cet espace et les milieux associés en générant des interactions parfois conflictuelles entre activités. La compréhension de ces interactions constitue un enjeu en termes de recherche et pour la société civile. Une méthodologie visant à décrire la distribution spatio-temporelle de différentes activités en mer côtière est donc conçue et mise en œuvre en rade de Brest. La collecte de données spatiales, temporelles, quantitatives et qualitatives combine l’analyse de bases de données spatio-temporelles comme celles issues du Système d’Identification Automatique (AIS), et le dépouillement d’entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès de personnes-ressources. À partir des données hétérogènes collectées, une information structurée dans une base de données spatio-temporelle (BDST) est produite. Dans un premier temps, son exploitation cartographique par un Système d’Information Géographique (SIG) permet la réalisation d’instantanés au pas de temps quotidien sur l’ensemble d’une année. La qualité de l’information temporelle et quantitative puis la nature et la source de l’information spatiale sont renseignées. Dans un second temps, la BDST est mobilisée pour identifier, spatialiser et quantifier les conflits d’usages potentiels et les interactions spatio-temporelles potentielles négatives entre les activités considérées en rade de Brest

De multiples applications pour l’analyse des données AIS (Automatic Identification System) et la géo-visualisation interactive de données

International audienc